The main working principle of centrifugal pump:
1. The impeller is driven pump shaft rotation, on located between the blades of the fluid acting and fluid by the effect of centrifugal force, by the middle of the impeller thrown to the periphery. When the fluid reaches the periphery of the impeller, the flow rate is very high.
2. The pump housing collects liquid which is thrown from each blade, and the liquid flows in the casing along the direction of the spiral case passage, so that the kinetic energy of the fluid can be converted into static pressure energy and the energy loss can be reduced. So the effect of the pump shell is not only a collection of liquid, it is an energy conversion device.
3. Liquid suction principle: relying on high speed rotation of the impeller, forcing the impeller in the middle of the liquid with a high rate of being cast aside, resulting in the middle of the impeller in the middle of low pressure, the low position of the liquid in the tank was continuously sucked up.
4. Impeller peripheral device so that the liquid in the pump wheel, high power energy conversion. Guide is located in peripheral impeller fixed with a blade ring. These leaf bending direction with the impeller blade is opposite to the bending direction, the bending angle coincides with the liquid from the impeller outflow direction to adapt, guiding the liquid in the pump shell channel smoothly change direction, energy loss is minimum, and the dynamic pressure can transform into static pressure energy power high.
5. Back on the balance hole to eliminate the axial thrust. From the peripheral impeller liquid pressure has been higher, part will seep into the back side of the impeller back shroud, and impeller front liquid at the entrance is a low voltage, resulting in a push the impeller axial thrust of the inlet side of the pump. This easily lead to wear and tear of the impeller and pump shell contact, serious vibration can also be produced. The balance hole causes a part of the high pressure liquid to leak into the low pressure area, and the pressure difference between the front and the back of the impeller is reduced. But it will also lead to a reduction in pump power.
6. The seal device of centrifugal pump to ensure the normal and efficient work. Centrifugal pump in the work is the pump shaft rotation and shell does not move, during which the ring gap is not to be sealed or sealed, the outside air will penetrate the middle of the impeller in the middle of the low pressure area, so that the pump flow, power down. Serious when the flow is zero - gas tie. Generally, mechanical seal or packing seal can be used to realize the seal between the shaft and the casing.
