Centrifugal pump operating principles
A centrifugal pump adds kinetic energy to a fluid by means of fast-rotating impellers. There is no fixed volume, and the fluid increases in kinetic energy (velocity) while moving through impeller passages by centrifugal force resulting from impeller rotation.
Its accelerated velocity is converted into pressure head by exiting into the diffuser for discharge, or – in the case of a multi-stage centrifugal pump – it further increases its velocity (pressure head) by moving through to the next fast-rotating impeller (see Figure 1). Centrifugal pumps are usually direct coupled with drivers (electric motors or engines) without speed reduction.
